AUTHOR=Hu Yue , Chen Yue , Wang Jie , Kang Jin Juan , Shen Dan Dan , Jia Zhong Zheng 

TITLE=Non-Invasive Estimation of Glioma IDH1 Mutation and VEGF Expression by Histogram Analysis of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.593102

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2020.593102

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>To investigate whether glioma isocitrate dehydrogenase (<italic>IDH</italic>) 1 mutation and vascular endothelial growth factor (<italic>VEGF</italic>) expression can be estimated by histogram analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database was wined for differential expression of <italic>VEGF</italic> in gliomas with different <italic>IDH</italic> genotypes. The <italic>VEGF</italic> expression and <italic>IDH1</italic> genotypes of 56 glioma samples in our hospital were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Preoperative DCE-MRI data of glioma samples were reviewed. Regions of interest (ROIs) covering tumor parenchyma were delineated. Histogram parameters of volume transfer constant (<italic>K<sup>trans</sup></italic>) and volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue (<italic>V<sub>e</sub></italic>) derived from DCE-MRI were obtained. Histogram parameters of <italic>K<sup>trans</sup></italic>, <italic>V<sub>e</sub></italic> and <italic>VEGF</italic> expression of <italic>IDH1</italic> mutant type (<italic>IDH1<sup>mut</sup></italic>) gliomas were compared with the <italic>IDH1</italic> wildtype (<italic>IDH1<sup>wt</sup></italic>) gliomas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to differentiate <italic>IDH1<sup>mut</sup></italic> from <italic>IDH1<sup>wt</sup></italic> gliomas. The correlation coefficients were determined between histogram parameters of <italic>K<sup>trans</sup></italic>, <italic>V<sub>e</sub></italic> and <italic>VEGF</italic> expression in gliomas.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>In CGGA database, <italic>VEGF</italic> expression in <italic>IDH<sup>mut</sup></italic> gliomas was lower as compared to wildtype counterpart. The immunohistochemistry of glioma samples in our hospital also confirmed the results. Comparisons demonstrated statistically significant differences in histogram parameters of <italic>K<sup>trans</sup></italic>and <italic>V<sub>e</sub></italic> [mean, standard deviation (SD), 50th, 75th, 90th. and 95th percentile] between <italic>IDH1<sup>mut</sup></italic>and <italic>IDH1<sup>wt</sup></italic>gliomas (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05, respectively). ROC curve analysis revealed that 50th percentile of <italic>K<sup>trans</sup></italic> (0.019 min<sup>−1</sup>) and <italic>V<sub>e</sub></italic> (0.039) provided the perfect combination of sensitivity and specificity in differentiating gliomas with <italic>IDH1<sup>mut</sup></italic>from <italic>IDH1<sup>wt</sup></italic>. Irrespective of <italic>IDH1</italic> mutation, histogram parameters of <italic>K<sup>trans</sup></italic>and <italic>V<sub>e</sub></italic> were correlated with <italic>VEGF</italic> expression in gliomas (<italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.05, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p><italic>VEGF</italic> expression is significantly lower in <italic>IDH1<sup>mut</sup></italic> gliomas as compared to the wildtype counterpart, and it is non-invasively predictable with histogram analysis of DCE-MRI.</p></sec>