AUTHOR=Fu Weilun , Wang Wenjing , Li Hao , Jiao Yuming , Weng Jiancong , Huo Ran , Yan Zihan , Wang Jie , Xu Hongyuan , Wang Shuo , Wang Jiangfei , Chen Dexi , Cao Yong , Zhao Jizong TITLE=CyTOF Analysis Reveals a Distinct Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in IDH Mutant Anaplastic Gliomas JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=10 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2020.560211 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2020.560211 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

The immune microenvironment is important for the development, progression, and prognosis of anaplastic glioma (AG). This complex milieu has not been fully elucidated, and a high-dimensional analysis is urgently required. Utilizing mass cytometry (CyTOF), we performed an analysis of immune cells from 5 patients with anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant (AAmut) and 10 patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeletion (AOD) and their paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Based on a panel of 33 biomarkers, we demonstrated the tumor-driven immune changes in the AG immune microenvironment. Our study confirmed that mononuclear phagocytes and T cells are the most abundant immunocytes in the AG immune microenvironment. Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages in both AAmut and AOD samples showed highly immunosuppressive characteristics. Compared to those in the PBMCs, the ratios of immune checkpoint-positive exhausted CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were higher at the AG tumor sites. The AAmut immune milieu exhibits more immunosuppressive characteristics than that in AOD.