AUTHOR=Mazzola Rosario , Corradini Stefanie , Gregucci Fabiana , Figlia Vanessa , Fiorentino Alba , Alongi Filippo TITLE=Role of Radiosurgery/Stereotactic Radiotherapy in Oligometastatic Disease: Brain Oligometastases JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=9 YEAR=2019 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00206 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2019.00206 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

During the natural history of oncologic diseases, approximately 20–40% of patients affected by cancer will develop brain metastases. Non-small lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma are the primaries that are most likely to metastasize into the brain. To date, the role of Radiosurgery/Stereotactic Radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) without Whole brain irradiation (WBRT) is a well-recognized treatment option for patients with limited intracranial disease (1–4 BMs) and a life-expectancy of more than 3–6 months. In the current review, we focused on randomized studies that evaluate the potential benefit of radiosurgery/stereotactic radiotherapy for brain oligometastases. To date, no difference in overall survival has been observed between SRS/SRT alone compared to WBRT plus SRS. Notably, SRS alone achieved higher local control rates compared to WBRT. A possible strength of SRS adoption is the potential decreased neurocognitive impairment.