AUTHOR=Esmaeili Morteza , Tayari Nassim , Scheenen Tom , Elschot Mattijs , Sandsmark Elise , Bertilsson Helena , Heerschap Arend , Selnæs Kirsten M. , Bathen Tone F. TITLE=Simultaneous 18F-fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging of Prostate Cancer JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=8 YEAR=2018 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2018.00516 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2018.00516 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

Purpose: To investigate the associations of metabolite levels derived from magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and 18F-fluciclovine positron emission tomography (PET) with prostate tissue characteristics.

Methods: In a cohort of 19 high-risk prostate cancer patients that underwent simultaneous PET/MRI, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of MRSI and PET for discrimination of aggressive cancer lesions from healthy tissue and benign lesions. Data analysis comprised calculations of correlations of mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean), maximum SUV (SUVmax), and the MRSI-derived ratio of (total choline + spermine + creatine) to citrate (CSC/C). Whole-mount histopathology was used as gold standard.

Results: The results showed a moderate significant correlation between both SUVmean and SUVmax with CSC/C ratio.

Conclusions: We demonstrated that the simultaneous acquisition of 18F-fluciclovine PET and MRSI with an integrated PET/MRI system is feasible and a combination of these imaging modalities has potential to improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of prostate cancer lesions.