AUTHOR=Parker Nicole Renee , Khong Peter , Parkinson Jonathon Fergus , Howell Viive Maarika , Wheeler Helen Ruth 

TITLE=Molecular Heterogeneity in Glioblastoma: Potential Clinical Implications

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=5

YEAR=2015

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2015.00055

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2015.00055

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<p>Glioblastomas, (grade 4 astrocytomas), are aggressive primary brain tumors characterized by histopathological heterogeneity. High-resolution sequencing technologies have shown that these tumors also feature significant inter-tumoral molecular heterogeneity. Molecular subtyping of these tumors has revealed several predictive and prognostic biomarkers. However, intra-tumoral heterogeneity may undermine the use of single biopsy analysis for determining tumor genotype and has implications for potential targeted therapies. The clinical relevance and theories of tumoral molecular heterogeneity in glioblastoma are discussed.</p>