AUTHOR=Tey Siew Ling , Chee Winnie S.S. , Deerochanawong Chaicharn , Berde Yatin , Lim Lee-Ling , Boonyavarakul Apussanee , Wakefield Brittany , Baggs Geraldine , Huynh Dieu Thi Thu 

TITLE=Diabetes-specific formula with standard of care improves glycemic control, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes: results from a randomized controlled trial

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1400580

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2024.1400580

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background and aims</title><p>Medical nutrition therapy is important for diabetes management. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a diabetes-specific formula (DSF) on glycemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Participants (<italic>n</italic> = 235) were randomized to either DSF with standard of care (SOC) (DSF group; <italic>n</italic> = 117) or SOC only (control group; <italic>n</italic> = 118). The DSF group consumed one or two DSF servings daily as meal replacement or partial meal replacement. The assessments were done at baseline, on day 45, and on day 90.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>There were significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin (−0.44% vs. –0.26%, <italic>p =</italic> 0.015, at day 45; −0.50% vs. −0.21%, <italic>p =</italic> 0.002, at day 90) and fasting blood glucose (−0.14 mmol/L vs. +0.32 mmol/L, <italic>p =</italic> 0.036, at day 90), as well as twofold greater weight loss (−1.30 kg vs. –0.61 kg, <italic>p</italic>  &lt; 0.001, at day 45; −1.74 kg vs. –0.76 kg, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001, at day 90) in the DSF group compared with the control group. The decrease in percent body fat and increase in percent fat-free mass at day 90 in the DSF group were almost twice that of the control group (1.44% vs. 0.79%, <italic>p =</italic> 0.047). In addition, the percent change in visceral adipose tissue at day 90 in the DSF group was several-fold lower than in the control group (−6.52% vs. –0.95%, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). The DSF group also showed smaller waist and hip circumferences, and lower diastolic blood pressure than the control group (all overall <italic>p</italic> ≤ 0.045).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>DSF with SOC yielded significantly greater improvements than only SOC in glycemic control, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with T2D.</p></sec>