AUTHOR=Zhang Xingfen , Ruan Jiale , He Yujing , Xu Anyi , Fang Yingying , Zhang Qiufeng , Gu Lihu , Liu Xingchen 

TITLE=Dietary inflammatory index and the risks of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1388557

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2024.1388557

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Background</title><p>Previous studies have suggested a correlation between dietary inflammatory potential and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory potential, measured by the dietary inflammation index (DII), and NAFLD.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>From establishing the database to June 2023, a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were performed to identify relevant observational studies. These studies reported a correlation between DII and NAFLD. The meta-analysis used odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the relationship between DII and NAFLD.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis after excluding irrelevant records. A summary of the results from the included studies showed that the risk of NAFLD was higher in those exposed to higher DII (OR = 1.26, 95%CI 1.12 to 1.40, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), with a high degree of heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 85.7%, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). When DII was divided into 3 tertiles from low to high for comparison, the results showed that the risk of NAFLD was higher in Tertile 2 (T2) population compared to the Tertile 1 (T1) population (OR = 1.75, 95%CI 1.20 to 2.54, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.005). The risk of NAFLD was significantly higher in Tertile 3 (T3) compared to the T1 population (OR = 3.07, 95%CI 1.63 to 5.77, <italic>p</italic> = 0.001).</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>The results suggest that high DII is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, and conversely, low DII is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD.</p></sec><sec id="sec4a"><title>Systematic Review Registration</title><p>The study complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023455013).</p></sec>