AUTHOR=Wang Qiong , Chen Pei-pei , Guo Jia-yu , Wang Shi-jia , Bao Yuan-yuan , Zhang Yu , Yu Kang 

TITLE=Dietary vitamin K intake in relation to skeletal muscle mass and strength among adults: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1378853

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2024.1378853

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Background</title><p>Previous studies revealed that vitamin K might help maintain muscle homeostasis, but this association has received little attention. We aimed to explore the associations of vitamin K intake with skeletal muscle mass and strength.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>We included cross-sectional data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2011–2018). Vitamin K intake was assessed via 24-h recall. Covariate-adjusted multiple linear regression and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the associations of dietary vitamin K intake with skeletal muscle mass and strength, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and handgrip dynamometer, respectively.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>Dietary vitamin K intake was positively associated with skeletal muscle mass in males (β = 0.05747, <italic>p</italic> = 0.0204) but not in females. We also revealed a positive association between dietary vitamin K intake and handgrip strength within the range of 0–59.871 μg/d (<italic>P</italic><sub>nonlinear</sub> = 0.049). However, beyond this threshold, increasing vitamin K intake did not cause additional handgrip strength improvements.</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>We provided evidence for a positive relationship between dietary vitamin K intake and skeletal muscle mass in males. Moreover, our study revealed a nonlinear relationship between dietary vitamin K intake and handgrip strength, highlighting an optimal intake range.</p></sec>