AUTHOR=Xu Xijuan , Ying Hongan , Huang Lili , Hong Weiwen , Chen Wenbin 

TITLE=Dietary choline intake and colorectal cancer: a cross-sectional study of 2005–2018 NHANES cycles

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1352535

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2024.1352535

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Background</title><p>It remains unclear if choline intake is associated with colorectal cancer. Therefore, we examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>This cross-sectional study included 32,222 U.S. adults in the 2005–2018 NHANE cycles, among whom 227 reported colorectal cancer. Dietary choline was derived from 24-h recalls. Logistic regression estimated odds of colorectal cancer across increasing intake levels, adjusting for potential confounders.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, BMI, alcohol use, smoking status, comorbidities, and dietary factors (energy, fat, fiber, and cholesterol), the odds ratio (OR) for colorectal cancer was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.69–1.06, <italic>p</italic> = 0.162) per 100 mg higher choline intake. Across increasing quartiles of choline intake, a non-significant inverse trend was observed (Q4 vs. Q1 OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.37 ~ 1.55, <italic>P</italic>-trend = 0.23). Subgroup analyses revealed largely consistent associations, with a significant interaction by hypertension status (<italic>P</italic>-interaction =0.022).</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>In this large, nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, higher dietary choline intake was not significantly associated with colorectal cancer odds after adjusting for potential confounders. However, a non-significant inverse trend was observed. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p></sec>