AUTHOR=Zhang Lilong , Wang Kunpeng , Kuang Tianrui , Deng Wenhong , Hu Peng , Wang Weixing 

TITLE=Low geriatric nutritional risk index as a poor prognostic biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in solid cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1286583

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2023.1286583

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Objective</title><p>In this investigation, we focused on the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), a comprehensive metric that takes into account the patient’s ideal weight, actual weight, and serum albumin levels to measure malnutrition. Our primary objective was to examine the predictive value of GNRI-defined malnutrition in determining the response to immunotherapy among cancer patients.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>Relevant articles for this study were systematically searched in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google Scholar up to July 2023. Our analysis evaluated overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR) as clinical outcomes.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>This analysis comprised a total of eleven articles encompassing 1,417 patients. The pooled results revealed that cancer patients with low GNRI levels exhibited shorter OS (HR: 2.64, 95% CI: 2.08–3.36, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) and PFS (HR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.46–2.41, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), and lower ORR (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.33–0.65, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) and DCR (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.29–0.61, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). Sensitivity analyses confirmed that the above results were stable. Egger’s and Begg’s tests revealed that there was no publication bias in the above results.</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our results imply that the GNRI is a useful predictor of immunotherapy response in cancer patients.</p></sec>