AUTHOR=Amjadi Arezoo , Alami Farkhondeh , Mohammadian Mohammad Keshavarz , Mirshafaei Seyed Reza , Azaryan Fatemeh , Houshiar-Rad Anahita , Esmaeili Mina , Shekari Soheila , Abdollahi Morteza , Khoshdooz Sara , Ajami Marjan , Doaei Saeid , Gholamalizadeh Maryam TITLE=Association between ischemic heart disease and dietary intake of lycopene: a case–control study JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition VOLUME=10 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1281539 DOI=10.3389/fnut.2023.1281539 ISSN=2296-861X ABSTRACT=Aim

The effect of dietary lycopene on ischemic heart disease (IHD) is not clear. Hence, this study aimed to determine the association between dietary lycopene and IHD.

Methods

This case–control study was conducted on 443 patients with physician confirmed diagnosis of IHD as the case group and 443 healthy individuals as the control group. Data on demographic, medical history, anthropometric, and physical activity of the participants were collected. Food intake was evaluated using a 237-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The dietary intake of lycopene was assessed using Nutritionist IV software.

Results

A negative association was found between IHD and lycopene (OR: 0.98, CI 95%: 0.963–0.996, p = 0.02). The results remained significant after adjustment for age and sex, additional adjustment for dietary intake of calorie and fat, further adjustments for BMI, and additional adjustment for smoking, drinking alcohol, and physical activity. The risk of IHD in people with the highest quartile of dietary intake of lycopene was significantly lower than those with the lowest quartile (OR = 0.67, CI 95%: 0.46–0.97, p = 0.036).

Conclusion

There was a significant inverse relationship between intake of lycopene and IHD. Further prospective studies in different populations are required to elucidate the roles of lycopene against IHD.