AUTHOR=Shadisvaaran Saminathan , Chin Kok-Yong , Mohd-Said Shahida , Leong Xin-Fang 

TITLE=Therapeutic potential of bixin on inflammation: a mini review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1209248

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2023.1209248

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<p>Chronic inflammation is the underlying mechanism for many diseases. Thus, inflammatory signaling pathways are valuable targets for new treatment modalities. Natural products have gained interest as a potential source of bioactive compounds which provide health benefits in combating inflammatory-related diseases. Recent reports have linked the medicinal values of <italic>Bixa orellana</italic> L. with its anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, this review aims to examine the therapeutic potential of bixin, a major bioactive constituent found in the seeds of <italic>B. orellana</italic>, on inflammatory-related diseases based on existing <italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo</italic> evidence. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of bixin via signaling pathways is explored and possible toxic effects are addressed. The findings suggest that bixin may ameliorate inflammation via inhibition of toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B (TLR4/NF-κB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and thioredoxin-interacting protein/NOD-like receptor protein 3 (TXNIP/NLRP3) inflammasome mechanisms. More well-planned clinical studies should be performed to verify its effectiveness and safety profile.</p>