AUTHOR=Abbasi Shaghayegh , Karimi Kiana , Hossein Moridpour Amir , Musazadeh Vali , Faghfouri Amir Hossein , Jozi Hannane 

TITLE=Can flaxseed supplementation affect circulating adipokines in adults? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1179089

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2023.1179089

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Introduction</title><p>The findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of flaxseed on adipokine concentrations are conflicting. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide definite and conclusive results.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Systematically, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature published up to December 2022. Based on random-effect models, standard mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for net changes in adipokine concentrations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Overall, 13 RCTs (15 arms) were eligible to be included. The results indicated that leptin was significantly reduced after the intervention with flaxseed supplement (SMD = −0.69, 95% CI: −1.37, −0.01; <italic>p</italic> = 0.048; <italic>I</italic><sup>2</sup> = 92.0%, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). In addition, flaxseed supplements had no considerable effect on plasma adiponectin (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI: −0.20, 1.25, <italic>p</italic> = 0.159; <italic>I</italic><sup>2</sup> = 92.0%, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Flaxseed significantly improves leptin but does not affect adiponectin concentrations. Additional future well-designed trials are required to further assess the potential benefits of flaxseed on adipokines in humans.</p></sec>