AUTHOR=Karimi Elham , Tirani Shahnaz Amani , Azimi Elham Sadat , Askari Gholamreza , As’habi Atefeh , Arab Arman 

TITLE=Is there an association between a plant-based eating pattern and clinical findings of a migraine headache?

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1117740

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2023.1117740

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec id="sec1"><title>Aims</title><p>The present study was conducted among Iranian individuals diagnosed with migraine headaches to investigate the association between plant-based eating patterns and the clinical features of a migraine headache.</p></sec><sec id="sec2"><title>Methods</title><p>In total, 262 patients aged 20–50 years who were diagnosed with migraine headaches were included in the current cross-sectional study. Participants’ dietary intake was assessed using a validated 168-item, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Three versions of the plant-based diet index (PDI) comprising overall PDI, healthy PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy PDI (uPDI) were generated. Headache frequency, duration, and severity were assessed via a 30-day headache diary. Migraine-related disability was assessed with a validated version of the headache impact test (HIT-6) questionnaire. Serum nitric oxide (NO) was measured using the Griess method utilizing serum samples.</p></sec><sec id="sec3"><title>Results</title><p>After controlling for potential confounders, an increase in mean PDI score from 48.22 to 61.67 decreased the frequency of headaches by −2.95 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.53; <italic>p</italic><sub>trend</sub> = 0.005). PDI was inversely associated with serum levels of NO in those with the highest scores of PDI compared to those with the lowest scores after adjustment for confounders (β = −7.69; 95% CI: −14.68, −0.69; <italic>p</italic><sub>trend</sub> = 0.028). After adjustment for potential confounders, an increase in the mean hPDI score from 47.96 to 65.25 decreased serum levels of NO by −11.92 (95% CI: −19.74, −4.10; <italic>p</italic><sub>trend</sub> = 0.003).</p></sec><sec id="sec4"><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our findings suggest that higher adherence to a plant-based eating style, as evidenced by higher PDI and hPDI values, was significantly associated with lower headache frequency and serum levels of NO.</p></sec>