AUTHOR=Shree Tanya , Banerjee Pratibha , Senapati Sabyasachi 

TITLE=A meta-analysis suggests the association of reduced serum level of vitamin D and T-allele of Fok1 (rs2228570) polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene with celiac disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.996450

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2022.996450

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Purpose</title><p>As an immune-modulator, vitamin D is known to regulate immune response and is implicated in disease pathogenesis. Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic autoimmune disease and susceptibility conferred by vitamin D metabolism is under investigation. Studies on the association of vitamin D metabolism and genetic polymorphisms are expected to explain CD pathogenesis. We performed a systematic review–based meta-analysis to investigate the 25(OH)D serum levels and susceptibility conferred by the genetic variants of VDR in CD.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Systematic review was conducted through a web-based literature search following stringent study inclusion–exclusion criteria. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and GRADE tools were used to assess the quality of evidence in studies and the study outcome. Cohen's κ value was estimated to access the reviewer's agreement. RevMan 5.4.1 was used to perform the meta-analyses. Weighted mean difference and Meta <italic>p</italic>-value was assessed for 25(OH)D serum levels. Meta-odds ratio and <italic>Z</italic>-test <italic>p</italic>-value were evaluated to estimate the allelic susceptibility of <italic>VDR</italic> variants.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>A total of 8 out of 12 studies were evaluated for “25(OH)D” serum level, while four studies were found eligible for SNPs (<italic>Bsm1, Apa1, Fok1</italic>, and <italic>Taq1</italic>) of <italic>VDR</italic>. Significantly higher levels [WMD = 5.49, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.00001] of 25(OH)D were observed in healthy controls than in patients with CD. rs2228570-T (<italic>Fok1</italic>) [Meta-OR = 1.52, <italic>p</italic> = 0.02] was confirmed to be predisposing allele for CD.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Reduced serum level of 25(OH)D and association of <italic>Fok1</italic> T-allele of <italic>VDR</italic> confirmed in this study plays a critical role in immunomodulation and maintaining barrier integrity, which is majorly implicated in CD.</p></sec>