AUTHOR=Wei Xinxin , Yao Junxiu , Wang Fangzhou , Wu Dejun , Zhang Rentang 

TITLE=Extraction, isolation, structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides from elderberry fruit

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.947706

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2022.947706

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<p>The isolation, purification, and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides extracted from elderberry fruits were studied. Two neutral polysaccharides (EFP-0 and EFP-1) and three acidic polysaccharides (EFP-2, EFP-3, and EFP-4) were isolated from elderberry. EFP-0, EFP-1, EFP-2, EFP-3, and EFP-4 all contain arabinose, galactose, glucose, and mannose, with molecular weights of 1.7981 × 10<sup>6</sup>, 7.0523 × 10<sup>6</sup>, 7.7638 × 10<sup>6</sup>, 4.3855 × 10<sup>5</sup>, and 7.3173 × 10<sup>5</sup> Da, respectively. Structural characterization showed that the backbone of EFP-2 consisted of →4)-Man<italic>p</italic> (1→4)-β-D-Glc<italic>p</italic> (1→ and →4)-β-D-Glc<italic>p</italic> (1→5)-α-L-Ara<italic>f</italic> (1→units, and T-α-L-Ara<italic>f</italic> (1→ and T-β-D-Gal<italic>p</italic> (1→ residues were detected by methylation analysis and NMR analysis. In addition, the MTT assay and zebrafish oxidative damage assay showed that EFP-2 had a protective effect on H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-damaged RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and zebrafish with the addition of EFP-2 would have low levels of ROS <italic>in vivo</italic> which showed significant antioxidant activity. Therefore, the results showed that the elderberry polysaccharides have antioxidant activity and can be used as potential antioxidants in functional foods.</p>