AUTHOR=Wang Mengjun , Liu Junliang , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Haixiong , Wang Ning , Chen Xi , Han Xuemei , Lu Qian , Chi Shanshan TITLE=Effects of Dietary Intervention on Inflammatory Markers in Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition VOLUME=9 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.846591 DOI=10.3389/fnut.2022.846591 ISSN=2296-861X ABSTRACT=Background

Dietary interventions may modulate inflammatory indicators, but the correlations between dietary intervention and inflammatory markers in metabolic syndrome (MetS) settings remain opaque.

Objective

To evaluate the effects of dietary intervention on interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with MetS by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

Databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google scholar, were searched from June 2011 to June 2021 for relevant available articles. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was generated as effect size by meta-analysis for continuous variants, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP levels. Then, according to study characteristics by dietary patterns of the intervention, subgroup analyses were performed.

Results

Finally, 13 studies comprising a total of 1,101 participants were included for the meta-analysis. IL-6 levels in dietary patients were significantly lower than controls (SMD = −0.30, 95% CI = −0.55, 0.04, p = 0.02, I2 = 64%). However, IL-1β, TNF-α, and CRP levels did not change significantly compared with the control group. Sensitivity analyses further yielded similar results.

Conclusions

Dietary intervention may help decrease IL-6 rather than IL-1β, TNF-α, or CRP levels in patients with MetS.