AUTHOR=Mahboobi Sepideh , Ghasvarian Marzieh , Ghaem Haleh , Alipour Hamzeh , Alipour Shohreh , Eftekhari Mohammad Hassan 

TITLE=Effects of probiotic and magnesium co-supplementation on mood, cognition, intestinal barrier function and inflammation in individuals with obesity and depressed mood: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1018357

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2022.1018357

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>The co-occurrence of obesity and mood impairments named as “metabolic mood syndrome” (MMS) is often neglected in the obesity management. This study aimed to evaluate effects of Probio-Tec <sup>®</sup>BG-VCap-6.5 and magnesium co-supplementation on mood, cognition, intestinal barrier function and serum C reactive protein (CRP) levels in participants with obesity and depressed mood.</p></sec><sec><title>Design</title><p>Seventy-four eligible participants were randomly allocated to either Probio-Tec<sup>®</sup>BG-VCap-6.5 [containing <italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</italic> (LGG<sup>®</sup>) and <italic>Bifidobacterium animalis</italic> subsp. <italic>Lactis</italic> (BB-12<sup>®</sup>)] + Magnesium chloride or placebo for 9 weeks. Sociodemographic data were collected in the beginning. Anthropometric, dietary and physical activity (PA) assessments were carried out. Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores were assessed through validated questionnaires. Fasting plasma zonulin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and (CRP) were measured by ELIZA kits.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Of seventy-four participants (mean age 37.51 ± 8.10), 52 completed the study. Changes in serum LPS and zonulin were not different significantly between groups (−3.04 ± 44.75 ng/dl, 0.11 ± 5.13, ng/dl, <italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05 for LPS and 1.40 ± 48.78 ng/dl, −0.17 ± 6.60, <italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05 for zonulin, respectively). CRP levels reduced significantly in intervention group compared to placebo [−474.75 (−1,300.00, −125.00) mg/l vs. 175.20 (−957.75, 1,683.25) mg/l, <italic>p</italic> = 0.016]. Changes in BDI-II and MoCA scores were not significantly different between intervention (−7.13 ± 5.67, 1.20 ± 2.16, respectively) and placebo (−5.42 ± 6.71, 1.94 ± 1.86, respectively) groups (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Nine weeks of probiotic and magnesium co-supplementation resulted in decreased CRP levels as an indicator of inflammatory state with no significant effects on mood, cognition and intestinal integrity in individuals with obesity and depressed mood.</p></sec>