AUTHOR=Minuzzi Luciele Guerra , Seelaender Marília , Silva Bruna Spolador De Alencar , Cunha Eduardo del Bosco Brunetti , Deus Marina De Castro , Vasconcellos Franciane Thais Falcão , Marqueze Luis Felipe Beltrão , Gadotti Ana Carolina , Baena Cristina Pellegrino , Pereira Telmo , Krüger Karsten , Amaral Andréa Novais Moreno , Pinho Ricardo Aurino , Lira Fábio Santos
TITLE=COVID-19 Outcome Relates With Circulating BDNF, According to Patient Adiposity and Age
JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition
VOLUME=8
YEAR=2021
URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.784429
DOI=10.3389/fnut.2021.784429
ISSN=2296-861X
ABSTRACT=Background and Aims: We evaluated adipose tissue-derived hormones, body composition, serum metabolic profile, levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and the association of these parameters with the clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19. We sought to examine whether obesity, sex, and age influence the adipose tissue endocrine response to the disease.
Methods: This prospective study investigated 145 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Patients were categorized based on their body mass index (BMI), sex and age, and were also classified regarding their outcome after hospitalization as: (a) Non-ICU: patients hospitalized who did not receive intensive care; (b) ICU-survivor: patients admitted to the intensive care unit and discharged; (c) ICU-death: patients who died. Blood samples were collected by the hospital staff between the first and third day of hospitalization. Serum leptin, adiponectin and BDNF concentrations, triglycerides, total cholesterol and cholesterol fractions were performed following the manufacturer's guidelines.
Results: We demonstrate that BDNF levels predict intensive care (IC) need (p < 0.01). This association was found to be stronger in patients >60y (p = 0.026). Neither leptin nor adiponectin concentration was associated with IC requirement or with patient's outcome, while the BDNF/adiponectin ratio was closely associated with worsened outcomes (p < 0.01). BDNF concentration was similar between sexes, however tended to be lower in male patients (p = 0.023). In older patients, BDNF concentration was lower than that of younger patients (p = 0.020). These age and sex-specific differences should be considered when employing these potential markers for prognosis assessment. While appetite and body composition regulating hormones secreted by the white adipose tissue are not reliable predictors of disease severity, the ratio BDNF/adiponectin was indicative of patient status.
Conclusion: Thus, we propose that serum BDNF content and BDNF/adiponectin ratio may serve as tools predicting worsened prognosis in COVID-19, especially for male patients.