AUTHOR=Taylor Matthew K. , Sullivan Debra K. , Morris Jill K. , Vidoni Eric D. , Honea Robyn A. , Mahnken Jonathan D. , Burns Jeffrey M. 

TITLE=High Glycemic Diet Is Related to Brain Amyloid Accumulation Over One Year in Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.741534

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2021.741534

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Objective:</bold> To test the hypothesis that high glycemic diet is related to 1-year change in brain amyloid based on our prior cross-sectional evidence that high glycemic diet is associated with brain amyloid.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> This longitudinal, observational study assessed the relationship between reported habitual consumption of a high glycemic diet (HGDiet) pattern and 1-year brain amyloid change measured by Florbetapir F18 PET scans in 102 cognitively normal older adults with elevated or sub-threshold amyloid status that participated in a 1-year randomized, controlled exercise trial at the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Among all participants (<italic>n</italic> = 102), higher daily intake of the HGDiet pattern (β = 0.06, <italic>p</italic> = 0.04), sugar (β = 0.07, <italic>p</italic> = 0.01), and total carbohydrate (β = 0.06, <italic>p</italic> = 0.04) were related to more precuneal amyloid accumulation. These relationships in the precuneus were accentuated in participants with elevated amyloid at enrollment (<italic>n</italic> = 70) where higher intake of the HGDiet pattern, sugar, and carbohydrate were related to more precuneal amyloid accumulation (β = 0.11, <italic>p</italic> = 0.01 for all measures). In individuals with elevated amyloid, higher intake of the HGDiet pattern was also related to more amyloid accumulation in the lateral temporal lobe (β = 0.09, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) and posterior cingulate gyrus (β = 0.09, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05) and higher sugar and carbohydrate intake were also related to more amyloid accumulation in the posterior cingulate gyrus (β = 0.10, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05 for both measures).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> This longitudinal observational analysis suggests that a high glycemic diet relates to higher brain amyloid accumulation over 1 year in regions of the temporoparietal cortex in cognitively normal adults, particularly in those with elevated amyloid status. Further studies are required to assess whether there is causal link between a high glycemic diet and brain amyloid.</p><p><bold>Clinical Trial Registration:</bold><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.ClinicalTrials.gov" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ClinicalTrials.gov</ext-link>, Identifier (NCT02000583).</p>