AUTHOR=Yuan Shu-qian , Liu Ying-ming , Liang Wei , Li Fei-fei , Zeng Yuan , Liu Yin-yue , Huang Shu-zhen , He Quan-yuan , Quach Binh , Jiao Jiao , Baker Julien S. , Yang Yi-de 

TITLE=Association Between Eating Speed and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.700936

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2021.700936

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Objective:</bold> This review aimed to systematically summarize and meta-analyze the association between eating speed and metabolic syndrome (MetS).</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews, and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and EMBASE) were searched until March 2021 to identify eligible articles based on a series of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Heterogeneity was examined using <italic>I</italic><sup>2</sup> statistics. Using random-effects models, the pooled odds ratios (ORs), and 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the association between eating speed with MetS and its components, including central obesity, blood pressure (BP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG).</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Of the 8,500 original hits generated by the systematic search, 29 eligible studies with moderate-to-high quality were included, involving 465,155 subjects. The meta-analysis revealed that eating faster was significantly associated with higher risks of MetS (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.27–1.86), central obesity (OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.37–1.73), elevated BP (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.13–1.40), low HDL (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.15–1.31), elevated TG (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.18–1.42), and elevated FPG (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.06–1.27) compared to eating slowly.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> The results of the review indicated that eating speed was significantly associated with MetS and its components. Interventions related to decreasing eating speed may be beneficial for the management of MetS.</p><p><bold>Systematic Review Registration:</bold><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021242213" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021242213</ext-link>, identifier: CRD42021242213.</p>