AUTHOR=Tuyaerts Sandra , Rombauts Klara , Everaert Tina , Van Nuffel An M. T. , Amant Frédéric 

TITLE=A Phase 2 Study to Assess the Immunomodulatory Capacity of a Lecithin-based Delivery System of Curcumin in Endometrial Cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=5

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2018.00138

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2018.00138

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=<p>Curcumin is a botanical with anti-tumor and immunomodulatory properties. We hypothesized that curcumin supplementation might influence inflammatory biomarker levels in endometrial carcinoma (EC). In this open-label, non-randomized phase 2 study (NCT02017353), seven EC patients consumed 2 g/day Curcumin Phytosome (CP) orally for 2 weeks. Blood was taken at baseline, days 1, 7, 14, and 21. The following analytes were measured: curcuminoids and metabolites, 56 inflammatory biomarkers, COX-2, frequencies of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells and NK cells, expression of MHC molecules on leukocytes and monocytes and activation/memory status of T cells. Patients completed quality of life (QoL) questionnaires at baseline and end of treatment. Curcumin metabolites were detectable in plasma upon CP intake. CP downregulated MHC expression levels on leukocytes (<italic>P</italic> = 0.0313), the frequency of monocytes (<italic>P</italic> = 0.0114) and ICOS expression by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (<italic>P</italic> = 0.0002). However, CP upregulated CD69 levels on CD16<sup>−</sup> NK cells (<italic>P</italic> = 0.0313). No differences were observed regarding inflammatory biomarkers, frequencies of other immune cell types, T cell activation and COX-2 expression. A non-significant trend to improved QoL was observed. Overall, CP-induced immunomodulatory effects in EC were modest without significant QoL changes. Given the small population and the observed variability in inter-patient biomarker levels, more research is necessary to explore whether benefits of CP can be obtained in EC by different supplementation regimens.</p><p><bold>Clinical Trial Registration:</bold><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">www.ClinicalTrials.gov</ext-link>, identifier NCT02017353; <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu</ext-link>, identifier 2013-001737-40.</p>