AUTHOR=Hosokawa Chizuru , Ishikawa Hirono , Okada Masafumi , Kato Mio , Okuhara Tsuyoshi , Kiuchi Takahiro TITLE=Gender Role Orientation with Health Literacy and Self-Efficacy for Healthy Eating among Japanese Workers in Early Adulthood JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition VOLUME=3 YEAR=2016 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2016.00017 DOI=10.3389/fnut.2016.00017 ISSN=2296-861X ABSTRACT=
Gender role, independent of biological sex, affects health. However, research on healthy eating that considers the importance of gender norms is scarce. People who are androgynous and have high masculinity and femininity are reported to have better health practices than other people. The present study aimed to examine the differences in health literacy (HL) and self-efficacy for healthy eating by gender role in Japanese men and women. Participants were 629 men and women aged 25–34 years, recruited via a Japanese Internet research company database. Participants were categorized into four gender role groups using the Japanese Gender Role Index. HL and self-efficacy for healthy eating were assessed using the healthy eating literacy (HEL) scale and the healthy eating and weight self-efficacy (HEWSE) scale. Analysis of variance with Bonferroni-adjusted