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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Neurosci.
Sec. Neurodegeneration
Volume 18 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1484777
This article is part of the Research Topic Neuroinflammation and Neurodegenerative Diseases View all 10 articles

Analysis of the Correlation and Influencing Factors Between Delirium, Sleep, Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cohort Study

Provisionally accepted
Zhongmin Fu Zhongmin Fu 1Xiaoju Miao Xiaoju Miao 1Xian Luo Xian Luo 1*Lili Yuan Lili Yuan 1*Yan Xie Yan Xie 2*Shiming Huang Shiming Huang 1*
  • 1 Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
  • 2 West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often experience post-injury anxiety and depression, which can persist over time. However, the relationships between anxiety and depression in TBI patients and delirium, sleep quality, selfefficacy, and serum inflammatory markers require further investigation.Objective: This study aims to explore the associations of delirium, sleep quality, selfefficacy, and serum inflammatory markers with anxiety and depression in TBI patients, and to examine potential influencing factors.We conducted a cohort study involving 127 patients with TBI. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) and CAM-ICU, while anxiety, depression, sleep quality, self-efficacy, and pain were evaluated using the appropriate tools, respectively. Serum inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) were collected within 1 day post-injury. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to analyze the relationships between delirium, sleep, self-efficacy, and anxiety/depression.The study identified 56 patients with delirium. Patients with delirium differed significantly from those without delirium in age, TBI classification, sleep duration, CRP levels, TNF-α levels, pain, self-efficacy, and insomnia (P < 0.05). The GEE analysis revealed that delirium, CRP levels, self-efficacy, underlying diseases, insomnia, TBI classification, age, and sleep duration were associated with anxiety symptoms in TBI patients at 6 months post-discharge (P < 0.05). Depression in TBI patients at 6 months post-discharge was not associated with delirium or insomnia but correlated with CRP levels, TBI classification, and self-efficacy (P < 0.05).TBI patients who experience delirium, insomnia, and low self-efficacy during the acute phase are likely to exhibit more anxiety at the 6-month follow-up.Depression in TBI patients is not associated with delirium or insomnia but is negatively correlated with self-efficacy. CRP levels post-TBI may serve as a biomarker to identify patients at risk of emotional symptoms and potentially accelerate patient recovery.

    Keywords: Traumatic Brain Injury, Anxiety, Depression, Delirium, Sleep, self-efficacy

    Received: 22 Aug 2024; Accepted: 14 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Fu, Miao, Luo, Yuan, Xie and Huang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Xian Luo, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
    Lili Yuan, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
    Yan Xie, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan Province, China
    Shiming Huang, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.