Skip to main content

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Neurosci.
Sec. Translational Neuroscience
Volume 18 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1477867
This article is part of the Research Topic Cerebrovasculature in Focus: bridging the gap between mental health and illness View all articles

Alkaline Phosphatase is Associated with Vascular Depression in Patients with Severe White Matter Hyperintensities

Provisionally accepted
Xi Tao Xi Tao 1,2*Yuqi Yin Yuqi Yin 1*Yi Zhang Yi Zhang 1*Chen Yang Chen Yang 1*Siyuan Wu Siyuan Wu 1*Wenjing Tang Wenjing Tang 3*Chen Li Chen Li 2Tao Song Tao Song 2*Juan He Juan He 2*
  • 1 The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
  • 2 Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
  • 3 Rehabilitation Hospital of Hunan Province, Chang Sha, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background and purpose Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) poses a substantial risk for depression. Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) serve not only as an independent predictive factor for acute cerebrovascular events and unfavorable prognoses but also as a significant predictor of depression in premenopausal women. Nevertheless, the association between elevated ALP levels and vascular depression (VDe) in patients presenting with white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) remains unclear. Method In a cross-sectional survey, 265 individuals diagnosed with CVD were incorporated. Baseline demographic information, fasting blood parameters, and MRI data were systematically gathered for analysis. All patients were divided into a severe WMHs (sWMHs) group and a mild WMHs (mWMHs) group based on their Fazekas score. Univariate analysis of potential variables among different subgroups of patients with scores of Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) was performed. Subsequently, the diagnostic effectiveness of multivariables for positive VDe within two WMHs groups was assessed using binary logistic regression. The diagnostic capability of the multivariate approach for VDe was further scrutinized through ordinal logistic regression. Results (1) Hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, P=0.031), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, P=0.038), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1, P=0.009), and ALP (P=0.011) exhibited distinct expression in patients with mWMHs across varying HAMD scores. In contrast, erythrocyte counts (P=0.024), hemoglobin (Hb, P=0.011), hs-CRP (P=0.002), and ALP (P=0.021) displayed differential expression in patients with sWMHs across different HAMD scores. (2) ALP and hs-CRP combined with APOA1 or Hb can improve the diagnostic efficiency of positive VDe in sWMHs [AUC = 0.849, 95% CI (0.753, 0.946), P < 0.001] or mWMHs [AUC = 0.718, 95% CI (0.603, 0.834), P = 0.002] patients, respectively. (3) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) [OR = 1.016, 95% CI (1.003, 1.028), P = 0.016] is correlated with VDe in patients with sWMHs, a relationship that persisted even following adjustments for age and sex. Conclusion The amalgamation of multiple markers enhances the diagnostic efficacy of VDe through WMHs classification. Serum ALP is associated with VDe in sWMHs patients.

    Keywords: Alkaline Phosphatase, Association, cerebrovascular disease, vascular depression, white matter hyperintensities

    Received: 08 Aug 2024; Accepted: 14 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Tao, Yin, Zhang, Yang, Wu, Tang, Li, Song and He. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Xi Tao, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
    Yuqi Yin, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
    Yi Zhang, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
    Chen Yang, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
    Siyuan Wu, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
    Wenjing Tang, Rehabilitation Hospital of Hunan Province, Chang Sha, China
    Tao Song, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China
    Juan He, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, 410005, Hunan Province, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.