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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Neurosci.
Sec. Sleep and Circadian Rhythms
Volume 18 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1456237
This article is part of the Research Topic Methods to Modulate Sleep with Neurotechnology, Devices, or Wearables View all articles

Effect of Closed-Loop Vibration Stimulation on Sleep Quality for Poor Sleepers

Provisionally accepted
Hyun Bin Kwon Hyun Bin Kwon 1Jonghyeok Jeong Jonghyeok Jeong 1Byunghun Choi Byunghun Choi 1Kwang Suk Park Kwang Suk Park 2EUNYEON JOO EUNYEON JOO 3Heenam Yoon Heenam Yoon 4*
  • 1 Research Institute of BRLAB, Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 3 Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
  • 4 Department of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Sangmyung University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Introduction: Recent studies have investigated the autonomic modulation method using closed-loop vibration stimulation (CLVS) as a novel strategy for enhancing sleep quality. This study aimed to explore the effects of CLVS on sleep quality, autonomic regulation, and brain activity in individuals with poor sleep quality. Methods: Twenty-seven participants with poor sleep quality (pittsburgh sleep quality index > 5) underwent two experimental sessions using polysomnography and a questionnaire, one with CLVS (STIM) and the other without (SHAM). Results: Sleep macrostructure analysis first showed that CLVS significantly reduced the total time, proportion, and average duration of waking after sleep onset. These beneficial effects were paralleled by significantly increased self-reported sleep quality. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the normalized high-frequency (nHF) and electroencephalography relative powers of delta activity during N3 sleep under STIM. Additionally, coherence analysis between nHF and delta activity revealed strengthened coupling between cortical and cardiac oscillations. Discussion: This study demonstrated that CLVS significantly improves sleep quality in individuals with poor sleep quality by enhancing both subjective and objective measures. These findings suggest that CLVS has the potential to be a practical, noninvasive tool for enhancing sleep quality in individuals with sleep disturbances, offering an effective alternative to pharmacological treatments.

    Keywords: Sleep modulation, autonomic modulation, closed-loop stimulation, vibratory stimulation, synchronization, coherence, sleep quality

    Received: 28 Jun 2024; Accepted: 24 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kwon, Jeong, Choi, Park, JOO and Yoon. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Heenam Yoon, Department of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Sangmyung University, Seoul, 110-743, Republic of Korea

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.