AUTHOR=Yeo Xin Yi , Tan Li Yang , Chae Woo Ri , Lee Dong-Yup , Lee Yong-An , Wuestefeld Torsten , Jung Sangyong TITLE=Liver’s influence on the brain through the action of bile acids JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience VOLUME=17 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1123967 DOI=10.3389/fnins.2023.1123967 ISSN=1662-453X ABSTRACT=

The liver partakes as a sensor and effector of peripheral metabolic changes and a regulator of systemic blood and nutrient circulation. As such, abnormalities arising from liver dysfunction can influence the brain in multiple ways, owing to direct and indirect bilateral communication between the liver and the brain. Interestingly, altered bile acid composition resulting from perturbed liver cholesterol metabolism influences systemic inflammatory responses, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neuron synaptic functions. Furthermore, bile acids produced by specific bacterial species may provide a causal link between dysregulated gut flora and neurodegenerative disease pathology through the gut-brain axis. This review will cover the role of bile acids—an often-overlooked category of active metabolites—in the development of neurological disorders associated with neurodegeneration. Further studies into bile acid signaling in the brain may provide insights into novel treatments against neurological disorders.