AUTHOR=Olsen Ingar 

TITLE=Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience

VOLUME=15

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.691016

DOI=10.3389/fnins.2021.691016

ISSN=1662-453X

ABSTRACT=<p>“Chronic” periodontitis and its keystone pathogen <italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis</italic> have repeatedly been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pathological hallmarks in AD are brain accumulations of amyloid-beta and neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated tau. In addition, neuroinflammation induced by <italic>P. gingivalis</italic> has increasingly been recognized as a factor in the pathogenesis of AD. The present mini-review discusses possible mechanisms for the induction of neuroinflammation by <italic>P. gingivalis</italic> in AD, involving factors such as pro-inflammatory mediators, amyloid-beta, tau, microglia, cathepsin B, and protein kinase R. Inflammagens of <italic>P. gingivalis</italic> such as lipopolysaccharide and gingipains are also discussed.</p>