AUTHOR=Gaudry Kate S. , Ayaz Hasan , Bedows Avery , Celnik Pablo , Eagleman David , Grover Pulkit , Illes Judy , Rao Rajesh P. N. , Robinson Jacob T. , Thyagarajan Krishnan , The Working Group on Brain-Interfacing Devices in 2040 , Bains Nena , Brigagliano John , Carter Robert , Kemere Caleb , Mathison Mark P. , Neiditz Jon , Rommelfanger Karen , Snyder Joseph TITLE=Projections and the Potential Societal Impact of the Future of Neurotechnologies JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience VOLUME=15 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2021.658930 DOI=10.3389/fnins.2021.658930 ISSN=1662-453X ABSTRACT=

Traditionally, recording from and stimulating the brain with high spatial and temporal resolution required invasive means. However, recently, the technical capabilities of less invasive and non-invasive neuro-interfacing technology have been dramatically improving, and laboratories and funders aim to further improve these capabilities. These technologies can facilitate functions such as multi-person communication, mood regulation and memory recall. We consider a potential future where the less invasive technology is in high demand. Will this demand match that the current-day demand for a smartphone? Here, we draw upon existing research to project which particular neuroethics issues may arise in this potential future and what preparatory steps may be taken to address these issues.