AUTHOR=Liu Guang-Jie , Zhang Qing-Rong , Gao Xuan , Wang Han , Tao Tao , Gao Yong-Yue , Zhou Yan , Chen Xiang-Xin , Li Wei , Hang Chun-Hua TITLE=MiR-146a Ameliorates Hemoglobin-Induced Microglial Inflammatory Response via TLR4/IRAK1/TRAF6 Associated Pathways JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience VOLUME=14 YEAR=2020 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2020.00311 DOI=10.3389/fnins.2020.00311 ISSN=1662-453X ABSTRACT=

Microglial activation and sustained inflammation in the brain can lead to neuronal damage. Hence, limiting microglial activation and brain inflammation is a good therapeutic strategy for inflammatory-associated central nervous disease. MiR-146a is a promising therapeutic microRNA, since it can negatively regulate the inflammatory response. We thus investigated the expression changes of miR-146a after experimental induction of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in vivo and in vitro, and we assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of miR-146a in microglial cells in vitro. Primary microglial cells were preincubated with miR-146a before hemoglobin (Hb) treatment. The results indicated that miR-146a decreased gene expression of Hb-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) and phenotype-related genes (iNOS and CD86) through IRAK1/TRAF6/NF-κB or MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting its pro-resolution activity in microglia. However, contrary to the LPS-induced microglia or macrophage activation model, we did not observe an elevation in miR-146a after activation. Overall, our findings demonstrated that miR-146a was involved in the regulation of brain inflammation and could be considered a novel therapeutic agent for treating brain inflammation.