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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article
Front. Neurol.
Sec. Stroke
Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1500943
Train-Your-Brain pilot community-based intervention after stroke: Cognitive trajectory over 10-month follow-up
Provisionally accepted- 1Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- 2Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Introduction: Stroke leads to cognitive impairments that affect survivors' quality of life. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Train-Your-Brain (TYB) pilot community intervention in cognitive outcomes among stroke survivors and caregivers at baseline, post-intervention, and 10-month follow-up. Methods: 31 participants (20 stroke survivors, 11 caregivers) were evaluated. Cognitive functioning was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) with analysis of subtest-level performances and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).Results: Among stroke survivors, MoCA immediate recall scores maintained during the intervention, but declined 10-months later (p = 0.005). Analysis of the MoCA delayed memory subtest revealed a graded performance across different recall formats. Free recall and category-cued recall deteriorated over 10 months, while multiple-choice format recall remained stable. A slight improvement was observed in SDMT scores from pre-TYB to post-TYB, which was relatively maintained after 10 months. Caregivers demonstrated significant improvements in MoCA language and sentence repetition (p = 0.014) scores at 10-month follow-up.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that while the intervention may lead to short-term stabilisation in cognitive functioning among stroke survivors, these gains may not be sustained over time. Persistent cognitive deficits underscore the need for ongoing and long-term support.
Keywords: stroke survivors, Caregivers, community intervention, Cognition, cognitive functioning
Received: 24 Sep 2024; Accepted: 27 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chen, Tham and Dong. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Nicole Yun Ching Chen, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.