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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Neurol.
Sec. Neuromuscular Disorders and Peripheral Neuropathies
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1484661

Mortality and its predictors among patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome in the intensive care unit of a low-income country, Ethiopia: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Provisionally accepted
Habtu T. Bayu Habtu T. Bayu *Atalay Eshetie Atalay Eshetie Misganew T. Molla Misganew T. Molla Fantahun Tarekegn Fantahun Tarekegn Amanuel Sisay Endeshaw Amanuel Sisay Endeshaw *
  • College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system, in which there will be destruction of nerves involved in movement, transient pain, temperature, and touch sensations lead to muscle weakness, loss of sensation in the legs and/or arms, and problems swallowing or breathing. Published data on the outcomes of critical care for patients with GBS is extremely scarce in Africa, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess mortality and its predictors among patients with GBS in the ICU of a low-income country, Ethiopia. Material and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital at Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, from January 1, 2019, to December 30, 2023. Data collection was conducted in the medical record rooms. Cox regression analysis was employed to identify predictors of mortality among GBS patients in the ICU. Bivariable and multivariable Cox regression models were fitted to compute crude and adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. A p-value of <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: Of 124 GBS patients admitted to the ICU, 120 patients included in the final analysis. During the follow-up, there were 23 (19.17%) deaths. The overall incidence rate of death was found to be 1.96 (95% CI: 1.30, 2.95). Deaths per 100 person-days observation. Traditional medicine (AHR=3.11, 95%: 1.12, 16.70), COVID-19 infection (AHR=5.44, 95% CI: 1.45, 73.33), pre-ICU cardiac arrest (AHR=6.44, 95% CI: 2.04, 84.50), and ICU readmission (AHR=4.24, 95% CI: 1.03, 69.84) were independent predictors for mortality Conclusion: Mortality among GBS patients admitted to ICU was high. Traditional medicine, COVID-19 infection, pre-ICU cardiac arrest, and readmission to the ICU were significant predictors of mortality. Large-scale studies with a prospective design would provide more robust evidence.

    Keywords: Mortality, predictors, GBS, Guillain-Barré syndrome, ICU, Ethiopia

    Received: 22 Aug 2024; Accepted: 14 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Bayu, Eshetie, Molla, Tarekegn and Endeshaw. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Habtu T. Bayu, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
    Amanuel Sisay Endeshaw, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

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