AUTHOR=Collorone Sara , Foster Michael A. , Toosy Ahmed T. 

TITLE=Advanced central nervous system imaging biomarkers in radiologically isolated syndrome: a mini review

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2023.1172807

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2023.1172807

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=<p>Radiologically isolated syndrome is characterised by central nervous system white-matter hyperintensities highly suggestive of multiple sclerosis in individuals without a neurological history of clinical demyelinating episodes. It probably represents the pre-symptomatic phase of clinical multiple sclerosis but is poorly understood. This mini review summarises our current knowledge regarding advanced imaging techniques in radiologically isolated syndrome that provide insights into its pathobiology and prognosis. The imaging covered will include magnetic resonance imaging-derived markers of central nervous system volumetrics, connectivity, and the central vein sign, alongside optical coherence tomography-related metrics.</p>