AUTHOR=Barbuti Elena , Nistri Riccardo , Ianniello Antonio , Pozzilli Carlo , Ruggieri Serena 

TITLE=Should we treat pediatric radiologically isolated syndrome? An 18-year follow-up case report

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2023.1145260

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2023.1145260

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) describes asymptomatic individuals with incidental radiologic abnormalities suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). Much of RIS literature is about adult-onset cases. Treatment of RIS is controversial, especially in pediatric age, but early treatment in selected patients might improve long-term outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Case presentation</title><p>We report a single RIS patient who followed up for 18 years in our MS center. At first, she was only monitored with follow-up MRIs. Then, as the lesion load increased, she was treated with a first-line disease-modifying treatment (DMT) reaching MRI stability.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>This report highlights how treatment can be an appropriate choice in pediatric forms of RIS.</p></sec>