AUTHOR=Sung Yueh-Feng , Yin Jiu-Haw , Lee Kuang-Heng , Tsai Chia-Lin , Lin Yu-Kai , Chen Shao-Yuan , Chung Chi-Hsiang , Chien Wu-Chien , Lee Jiunn-Tay , Chou Chung-Hsing 

TITLE=Increased risk of sleep-related movement disorder in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: A nationwide population-based study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.953821

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2022.953821

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background and purpose</title><p>Evidence increasingly suggests that <italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic> infection (HPI) is associated with movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between HPI and sleep-related movement disorders (SRMD) remains unknown. This nationwide population-based study tried to demonstrate whether patients with HPI have a higher risk of developing SRMD in a general adult population.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The study cohort enrolled 9,393 patients who were initially diagnosed with HPI between 2000 and 2013. Notably, 37,572 age- and sex-matched controls without prior HPI were selected as the reference. A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed for multivariate adjustment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Patients with HPI had a higher risk of developing SRMD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–3.82, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01). Patients with HPI aged ≥65 years exhibited the highest risk (HR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.90–5.30, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001), followed by patients aged 45–64 years (HR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.26–2.90, <italic>p</italic> &lt;0.01) and &lt;45 years (HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.12–2.49, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.01). Patients were most likely to develop SRMD 5 years or more after diagnosis of HPI (HR = 3.33, 95% CI = 1.97–5.89, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). The increased risk of SRMD in male patients with HPI (HR = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.53–4.79, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001) was greater than in female patients (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.04–1.65, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Patients with HPI were associated with an increased risk for SRMD, with a higher risk in men, aged ≥65 years, and diagnosed for more than 5 years.</p></sec>