AUTHOR=Ancau Mihai , Liesche-Starnecker Friederike , Niederschweiberer Johanna , Krieg Sandro M. , Zimmer Claus , Lingg Charlotte , Kumpfmüller Daniela , Ikenberg Benno , Ploner Markus , Hemmer Bernhard , Wunderlich Silke , Mühlau Mark , Knier Benjamin TITLE=Case Series: Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.820049 DOI=10.3389/fneur.2021.820049 ISSN=1664-2295 ABSTRACT=

We present three cases fulfilling diagnostic criteria of hemorrhagic variants of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis, AHEM) occurring within 9 days after the first shot of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. AHEM was diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and brain biopsy in one case. The close temporal association with the vaccination, the immune-related nature of the disease as well as the lack of other canonical precipitating factors suggested that AHEM was a vaccine-related adverse effect. We believe that AHEM might reflect a novel COVID-19 vaccine-related adverse event for which physicians should be vigilant and sensitized.