AUTHOR=Abati Elena , Faravelli Irene , Magri Francesca , Govoni Alessandra , Velardo Daniele , Gagliardi Delia , Mauri Eleonora , Brusa Roberta , Bresolin Nereo , Fabio Giovanna , Comi Giacomo Pietro , Carrabba Maria , Corti Stefania TITLE=Central Nervous System Involvement in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: A Case of Acute Unilateral Optic Neuritis in a 26-Year-Old Italian Patient JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology VOLUME=9 YEAR=2018 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2018.01031 DOI=10.3389/fneur.2018.01031 ISSN=1664-2295 ABSTRACT=

Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a group of heterogeneous primary immunodeficiencies sharing defective B lymphocytes maturation and dysregulated immune response and resulting in impaired immunoglobulin production. Clinical picture encompasses increased susceptibility to infections, hematologic malignancies, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Neurological manifestations are uncommon and optic neuritis has been previously reported only in one case with bilateral involvement. We hereby report a case of a 26-year-old man affected by CVID undergoing regular immunoglobulin supplementation, who presented with acute unilateral demyelinating optic neuritis and lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid. A variety of infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions were excluded and a diagnosis of clinically isolated optic neuritis was made. The patient was treated with a short course of intravenous steroids with complete recovery. Overall, this case expands our current knowledge about clinical spectrum of complications in CVID and highlights the need for further research about this complex disease.