AUTHOR=Sendi Parham , Hirzel Cédric , Pfister Stefan , Ackermann-Gäumann Rahel , Grandgirard Denis , Hewer Ekkehard , Nirkko Arto C. 

TITLE=Fatal Outcome of European Tick-borne Encephalitis after Vaccine Failure

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=8

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2017.00119

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2017.00119

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=<p>Tick-borne encephalitis is a viral disease affecting the central nervous system. It is endemic in Switzerland with 200–250 notified cases annually. Active immunization is effective for persons in all age groups. Vaccine failure is rare, in particular after a completed vaccination course. Here, we describe the case of 67-year-old man with a fatal outcome despite vaccination. The diagnosis was confirmed by extensive postmortem analyses. The diagnostic challenges of vaccine failure in tick-borne encephalitis and the dynamics of the immune response in vaccination breakthrough are discussed.</p>