AUTHOR=Brown Brandon L. , Zalla Rachel M. , Shepard Courtney T. , Howard Russell M. , Kopechek Jonathan A. , Magnuson David S. K. , Whittemore Scott R. TITLE=Dual-Viral Transduction Utilizing Highly Efficient Retrograde Lentivirus Improves Labeling of Long Propriospinal Neurons JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroanatomy VOLUME=15 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroanatomy/articles/10.3389/fnana.2021.635921 DOI=10.3389/fnana.2021.635921 ISSN=1662-5129 ABSTRACT=

The nervous system coordinates pathways and circuits to process sensory information and govern motor behaviors. Mapping these pathways is important to further understand the connectivity throughout the nervous system and is vital for developing treatments for neuronal diseases and disorders. We targeted long ascending propriospinal neurons (LAPNs) in the rat spinal cord utilizing Fluoro-Ruby (FR) [10kD rhodamine dextran amine (RDA)], and two dual-viral systems. Dual-viral tracing utilizing a retrograde adeno-associated virus (retroAAV), which confers robust labeling in the brain, resulted in a small number of LAPNs being labeled, but dual-viral tracing using a highly efficient retrograde (HiRet) lentivirus provided robust labeling similar to FR. Additionally, dual-viral tracing with HiRet lentivirus and tracing with FR may preferentially label different subpopulations of LAPNs. These data demonstrate that dual-viral tracing in the spinal cord employing a HiRet lentivirus provides robust and specific labeling of LAPNs and emphasizes the need to empirically optimize viral systems to target specific neuronal population(s).