AUTHOR=Hokari Yoshinori , Sekine Aya , Kai Yuko , Oikawa Shino , Mano Asuka , Ohata Hisayuki , Sugama Shuei , Kakinuma Yoshihiko
TITLE=Katsuo extract derived from dried bonito plays a role in systemic anti-inflammation and consolidation of the blood-brain barrier to regulate higher brain functions
JOURNAL=Frontiers in Natural Products
VOLUME=1
YEAR=2022
URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/natural-products/articles/10.3389/fntpr.2022.969433
DOI=10.3389/fntpr.2022.969433
ISSN=2813-2602
ABSTRACT=Objects: Recently, a non-neuronal cardiac cholinergic system, in which cardiomyocytes are equipped with components to synthesize acetylcholine, is considered to be important for maintaining physiological homeostasis in the heart, according to its anti-ischemia and hypoxia effects and angiogenesis-enhancing effects to salvage myocardium. Furthermore, it influences sustaining blood brain barrier functions. However, it remains to be fully elucidated whether any substance plays a role in activating the system.
Methods: Using Katsuo extract derived from dried bonito, called Katsuobushi in Japanese, we performed in vitro and in vivo studies whether Katsuo extract activates the non-neuronal cardiac cholinergic system and influences the associated physiological responses, specifically focusing on anti-inflammatory property and potentiation of blood brain barrier functions.
Results: Katsuo extract potently activates the non-neuronal cardiac cholinergic system and the parasympathetic nervous system. In vitro and in vivo murine models clearly showed that Katsuo extract also exerted anti-inflammatory action by suppressing cytokine production and microglial activation against pathogenic and non-pathogenic factors. Furthermore, it upregulated blood brain barrier components, such as claudin-5 and occludin, strengthened the function and prevented disruption in a brain injury model, and finally influenced murine higher brain functions by activating resiliency against depressive or anxiety-like behaviors.
Conclusion: Therefore, the novel findings of this study indicate that Katsuo extract possesses characteristic anti-inflammatory and blood brain barrier consolidation effects, and the non-neuronal cardiac cholinergic system activation. The intake might be effective in influencing pathophysiology of neuroinflammation-related diseases.