AUTHOR=Han Zexiang , Porter Alexandra E. 

TITLE=In situ Electron Microscopy of Complex Biological and Nanoscale Systems: Challenges and Opportunities

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nanotechnology

VOLUME=2

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nanotechnology/articles/10.3389/fnano.2020.606253

DOI=10.3389/fnano.2020.606253

ISSN=2673-3013

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>In situ</italic> imaging for direct visualization is important for physical and biological sciences. Research endeavors into elucidating dynamic biological and nanoscale phenomena frequently necessitate <italic>in situ</italic> and time-resolved imaging. <italic>In situ</italic> liquid cell electron microscopy (LC-EM) can overcome certain limitations of conventional electron microscopies and offer great promise. This review aims to examine the status-quo and practical challenges of <italic>in situ</italic> LC-EM and its applications, and to offer insights into a novel correlative technique termed microfluidic liquid cell electron microscopy. We conclude by suggesting a few research ideas adopting microfluidic LC-EM for <italic>in situ</italic> imaging of biological and nanoscale systems.</p>