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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Mol. Biosci.
Sec. Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1522717
This article is part of the Research Topic Applications of High-Sensitivity Detection, Component Analysis, and Vector Construction for Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment View all articles

Melanoma-derived cytokines and extracellular vesicles are interlinked with macrophage immunosuppression

Provisionally accepted
Shankar Suman Shankar Suman 1*Wendy Nevala Wendy Nevala 1Alexey Leontovich Alexey Leontovich 1James W Jakub James W Jakub 2Liyi Geng Liyi Geng 1Sarah McLaughlin Sarah McLaughlin 2Svetomir N Markovic Svetomir N Markovic 1
  • 1 Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States
  • 2 Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Cytokines play a crucial role in mediating cell communication within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages are particularly influential in the regulation of immunosuppressive cytokines, thereby supporting tumor metastasis.The upregulation of Th2 cytokines in cancers is recognized for its involvement in suppressing anticancer immunity. However, the association between these cytokines and tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) remains poorly understood. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the connection between tumor-promoting macrophages and melanoma-derived EVs. The analysis from altered cytokine profile data showed that melanoma-derived EVs upregulate of Th2 cytokines in naïve macrophages, thereby contributing to the promotion of tumor-supporting functions. Notably, many of these cytokines were also found to be upregulated in metastatic melanoma patients (n=30) compared to healthy controls (n=33). Overall, our findings suggest a strong connection of melanoma secretory EVs for the induction of tumor-associated macrophages that facilitates the development of an immunosuppressive TME and supporting melanoma metastasis through regulation at both local and systemic levels.

    Keywords: Tumor-promoting Macrophage, Cytokines, extracellular vesicles, Melanoma, Immunosuppression, Tumor Microenvironment

    Received: 12 Nov 2024; Accepted: 13 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Suman, Nevala, Leontovich, Jakub, Geng, McLaughlin and Markovic. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Shankar Suman, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States

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