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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Mol. Biosci.
Sec. Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Volume 11 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1331369
This article is part of the Research Topic Oncolytic Virotherapy - Volume II View all 7 articles

Antimetastatic and antitumor activities of oncolytic NDV AMHA1 in 3D culture model of breast cancer

Provisionally accepted
Ahmed M. Al-Shammari Ahmed M. Al-Shammari 1*Marwa Salman Marwa Salman 2
  • 1 Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
  • 2 College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Newcastle disease virus (NDV) AMHA1 is capable of killing cancer cells by direct replication or by induction of apoptosis alongside other pathways. Here, we report the potent antimetastatic and anticancer activities of NDV AMHA1 in a 3D spheroids model of breast cancer metastasis. We used two breast cancer cell lines AMJ13 and MCF7 in our metastasis model system. First, we showed that NDV AMHA1 can infect and kill breast cancer cells in proliferating adherent cells and tumor spheroids using different virus doses and studying virus replication kinetics. It showed that NDV can infect and spread within the spheroids that represent metastasis before and after reattachment. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability to induce apoptosis in cancer spheroids and, by virus tracking, showed that NDV infection is essential for the elimination of these metastasis spheroids. The mechanism by which NDV induces cell killing in the metastasis model is by induction of caspase-3 and P21 and inhibiting Ki67 in cancer cells but not in normal cells. In conclusion, these results indicate that NDV AMHA1 has the ability to kill breast cancer metastases in suspension or attached and this is a novel finding of being NDV AMHA1 is a possibly efficient therapy against human metastatic breast cancer.

    Keywords: 3D spheroids, NDV, Scaffold, PKH67 linker, a coculture system

    Received: 01 Nov 2023; Accepted: 29 Jul 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Al-Shammari and Salman. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Ahmed M. Al-Shammari, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq

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