AUTHOR=Chen Fengwu , He Lina , Li Jilin , Yang Shuhui , Zhang Bangzhou , Zhu Dan , Wu Zezhen , Zhang Shuo , Hou Ducheng , Ouyang Cong , Yi Jianfeng , Xiao Chuanxing , Hou Kaijian 

TITLE=Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide Injection (GLP-1) Protects Vascular Endothelial Cell Function in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes by Regulating Gut Microbiota

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/molecular-biosciences/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2022.879294

DOI=10.3389/fmolb.2022.879294

ISSN=2296-889X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Objective:</bold> To evaluate the protective effect of Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide Injection (Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1) on endothelial cells from middle-aged and elderly patients with newly diagnosed or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). GLP-1 weekly formulation was analyzed for cardiovascular disease protection and correlated with intestinal flora.</p><p><bold>Design:</bold> Stool samples were collected from middle-aged and elderly patients with new-onset or poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in Longhu People’s Hospital and Shantou Central Hospital from June 2019 to November 2019. Samples were collected at week 0, 4, and 8 of treatment with GLP-1 weekly formulations. Samples were analyzed for metagenomic sequencing. Analysis was performed to compare the characteristics of the gut microbiota at week 0, 4, and 8 of GLP-1 treatment and to correlate different microbiota with characteristic clinical parameters.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Statistical differences were found in blood glucose lowering, cardiovascular endothelial, and inflammation-related indices between week 0 and W4 and in blood glucose lowering and cardiovascular endothelial indices from week 0 to 8 in the newly diagnosed or poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients treated with GLP-1. Changes in gut microbiota at week 0, 4, and 8 after using GLP-1 were not statistically different, but had an overall trend of rising and then falling, and with different bacteria, that were correlated with different clinical indicators.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> GLP-1 improves endothelial cell function indicators in middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients, which may be related to its alteration of the population numbers of gut microbiota such as <italic>Acinetobacter</italic>, <italic>Eubacterium ramulus ATCC 29099</italic>, and <italic>Bacteroides_faecis</italic>. This study provides a guidance for the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients.</p>