AUTHOR=Revercomb Lucy , Hanmandlu Ankit , Wareing Nancy , Akkanti Bindu , Karmouty-Quintana Harry 

TITLE=Mechanisms of Pulmonary Hypertension in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/molecular-biosciences/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.624093

DOI=10.3389/fmolb.2020.624093

ISSN=2296-889X

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe and often fatal disease. The causes that lead to ARDS are multiple and include inhalation of salt water, smoke particles, or as a result of damage caused by respiratory viruses. ARDS can also arise due to systemic complications such as blood transfusions, sepsis, or pancreatitis. Unfortunately, despite a high mortality rate of 40%, there are limited treatment options available for ARDS outside of last resort options such as mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal support strategies.</p><p><bold>Aim of review:</bold> A complication of ARDS is the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, the mechanisms that lead to PH in ARDS are not fully understood. In this review, we summarize the known mechanisms that promote PH in ARDS.</p><p><bold>Key scientific concepts of review:</bold> (1) Provide an overview of acute respiratory distress syndrome; (2) delineate the mechanisms that contribute to the development of PH in ARDS; (3) address the implications of PH in the setting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).</p>