AUTHOR=Gumiel Marcia , Mattos Debora Passos de , Vieira Cecília Stahl , Moraes Caroline Silva , Moreira Carlos José de Carvalho , Gonzalez Marcelo Salabert , Teixeira-Ferreira André , Waghabi Mariana , Azambuja Patricia , Carels Nicolas 

TITLE=Proteome of the Triatomine Digestive Tract: From Catalytic to Immune Pathways; Focusing on Annexin Expression

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/molecular-biosciences/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.589435

DOI=10.3389/fmolb.2020.589435

ISSN=2296-889X

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Rhodnius prolixus</italic>, <italic>Panstrongylus megistus</italic>, <italic>Triatoma infestans</italic>, and <italic>Dipetalogaster maxima</italic> are all triatomines and potential vectors of the protozoan <italic>Trypanosoma cruzi</italic> responsible for human Chagas’ disease. Considering that the <italic>T. cruzi</italic>’s cycle occurs inside the triatomine digestive tract (TDT), the analysis of the TDT protein profile is an essential step to understand TDT physiology during <italic>T. cruzi</italic> infection. To characterize the protein profile of TDT of <italic>D. maxima</italic>, <italic>P. megistus</italic>, <italic>R. prolixus</italic>, and <italic>T. infestans</italic>, a shotgun liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach was applied in this report. Most proteins were found to be closely related to metabolic pathways such as gluconeogenesis/glycolysis, citrate cycle, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, but also to the immune system. We annotated this new proteome contribution gathering it with those previously published in accordance with Gene Ontology and KEGG. Enzymes were classified in terms of class, acceptor, and function, while the proteins from the immune system were annotated by reference to the pathways of humoral response, cell cycle regulation, Toll, IMD, JNK, Jak-STAT, and MAPK, as available from the Insect Innate Immunity Database (IIID). These pathways were further subclassified in recognition, signaling, response, coagulation, melanization and none. Finally, phylogenetic affinities and gene expression of annexins were investigated for understanding their role in the protection and homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells against the inflammation.</p>