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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Microbiol.

Sec. Microbial Physiology and Metabolism

Volume 16 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1552645

Optimization of the fermentation culture conditions of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ck-05 using response surface methodology

Provisionally accepted
Xiaoyu Liu Xiaoyu Liu 1JeromeJeyakumar John Martin JeromeJeyakumar John Martin 1Xinyu Li Xinyu Li 1Lixia Zhou Lixia Zhou 1Rui Li Rui Li 1Qihong Li Qihong Li 1Jianwei Zhang Jianwei Zhang 2Dengqiang Fu Dengqiang Fu 1*Hongxing Cao Hongxing Cao 1*
  • 1 Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
  • 2 Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is widely recognized for its potential as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent in agriculture due to its plant growth-promoting (PGP) mechanisms. However, the practical application of this bacterium is often limited by suboptimal fermentation conditions, which hinder its growth and efficacy. While numerous studies have optimized growth conditions for various strains of B. amyloliquefaciens, the novelty of this work lies in the systematic optimization of fermentation conditions for B. amyloliquefaciens ck-05, a strain obtained from a culture collection, and its potential application as a biofertilizer. In this study, single-factor experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of carbon and nitrogen sources, inorganic salts, pH, temperature, culture time, rotation speed, inoculation rate, and liquid volume on the OD600 value of strain ck-05. A Plackett-Burman design was used to identify the significant factors influencing OD600, followed by a Box-Behnken design to determine the optimal growth conditions. The results revealed that soluble starch, peptone, and magnesium sulfate significantly impacted the growth of B. amyloliquefaciens ck-05. The optimized fermentation conditions were determined to be pH 6.6, temperature 30°C, culture time 40 hours, rotation speed 150 rpm, inoculum rate 0.8%, andBacillus amyloliquefaciens is one of the most promising bacteria for promoting plant growth. Its plant growth-promoting (PGP) mechanisms have garnered significant attention due to its high effectiveness as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent in agriculture. However, its growth-promoting effects are often hindered during practical application by factors such as medium formulation and fermentation conditions, leading to results that frequently fall short of expectations. In this study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ck-05 was selected as the research subject. 删除[hp]: S 删除[hp]: tests 删除[hp]: and a 删除[hp]: was employed to 删除[hp]: for B. amyloliquefaciens ck-05 删除[hp]: The 删除[hp]: 字体: (默认)Times New Roman, 五号 设置格式[hp]: liquid volume 40%. Post-optimization, the OD600 of the fermentation broth increased by 72.79% compared to pre-optimization levels. The culture and fermentation conditions for B.amyloliquefaciens ck-05 were successfully optimized, providing a theoretical foundation for the future development of this strain as a microbial fertilizer.

    Keywords: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ck-05, Culture conditions, optimization, Response Surface Methodology, Fermentation optimization

    Received: 28 Dec 2024; Accepted: 26 Feb 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Liu, John Martin, Li, Zhou, Li, Li, Zhang, Fu and Cao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Dengqiang Fu, Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
    Hongxing Cao, Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.

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