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MINI REVIEW article

Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Microbial Symbioses
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1521048
This article is part of the Research Topic Community Series in the Wildlife Gut Microbiome and Its Implication for Conservation Biology, Volume III View all 9 articles

Fish Gut Microbiome and Its Application in Aquaculture and Biological Conservation

Provisionally accepted
Nusrat Hasan Kanika Nusrat Hasan Kanika 1Nusrat Liaqat Nusrat Liaqat 1Jing Ke Jing Ke 1Huifan Chen Huifan Chen 1Guoqing Lu Guoqing Lu 2*Jun Wang Jun Wang 1*Chenghui Wang Chenghui Wang 1*
  • 1 College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
  • 2 University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Understanding the diversity and function of fish gut microbiomes has advanced substantially, yet many aspects remain poorly understood, particularly the interplay among microbiota, host species, and environmental factors in the context of conservation. This review explores the composition and abundance of gut bacterial communities in key aquaculture fish groups -cyprinids, ictalurids (catfish), salmonids, and cichlids (tilapia) -alongside the model organism zebrafish, across diverse geographic regions. The findings highlight environmental habitats and host species as primary determinants of gut microbiome structure, offering a global perspective on these microbial communities. Across all fish groups, the phyla Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, and Proteobacteria consistently dominated, while temperate, sub-equatorial, and sub-tropical regions exhibited the highest microbiome diversity, underscoring the contribution of taxonomic and environmental factors. The gut bacterial diversity of farm-raised fish shows a significant divergence from that of wild-caught fish, reflecting the impacts of ecological and management differences. Understanding the dynamic responses of fish gut microbiota is vital for guiding conservation efforts, safeguarding aquatic biodiversity, and advancing sustainable aquaculture practices. Future research should leverage innovative techniques and integrative approaches, both experimental and theoretical, to uncover the functional roles of microbiomes and predict their responses to environmental changes. Expanding geographic and taxonomic coverage will be critical for creating a comprehensive framework to inform global aquaculture and conservation strategies. Collectively, this perspective highlights the transformative potential of microbiome research in addressing global challenges in aquaculture and conservation biology.

    Keywords: Fish gut microbiome, Aquaculture species, Microbial Diversity, Environment impact, conservation biology

    Received: 01 Nov 2024; Accepted: 09 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Kanika, Liaqat, Ke, Chen, Lu, Wang and Wang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Guoqing Lu, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, United States
    Jun Wang, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
    Chenghui Wang, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.