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MINI REVIEW article

Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Virology
Volume 15 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1498641

Identification of Host factors for Livestock and poultry viruses: Genome-Wide Screening Technology Based on the CRISPR System

Provisionally accepted
Shijie Hu Shijie Hu 1,2Mailin Gan Mailin Gan 1,2*Ziang Wei Ziang Wei 1,2*Pan Shang Pan Shang 1,2*Lei Song Lei Song 1,2*Jinkang Feng Jinkang Feng 1,2*Lei Chen Lei Chen 1,2*Lili Niu Lili Niu 1,2Yan Wang Yan Wang 1,2,3*Shunhua Zhang Shunhua Zhang 1,2*Linyuan Shen Linyuan Shen 1,2,3Li Zhu Li Zhu 1,2,3*Ye Zhao Ye Zhao 1,2,3*
  • 1 Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Genome-wide CRISPR library screening technology is a gene function research tool developed based on the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated genes (CRISPR/Cas) system, considered the third generation of gene editing after zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN), is widely used for screening various viral host factors. CRISPR libraries are classified into three main categories based on the different functions of Cas9 enzymes: CRISPR knockout (CRISPR KO) library screening, CRISPR transcriptional activation (CRISPRa) library screening, and CRISPR transcriptional interference (CRISPRi) library screening. Recently, genome-wide CRISPR library screening technology has been used to identify host factors that interact with viruses at various stages, including adsorption, endocytosis, and replication. By specifically modulating the expression of these host factors, it becomes possible to cultivate disease-resistant varieties, establish disease models, and design and develop vaccines, among other applications. This review provides an overview of the development and technical processes of genome-wide CRISPR library screening, as well as its applications in identifying viral host factors in livestock and poultry.

    Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9, library screening, gene editing, Viral host factors, antiviral

    Received: 19 Sep 2024; Accepted: 31 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Hu, Gan, Wei, Shang, Song, Feng, Chen, Niu, Wang, Zhang, Shen, Zhu and Zhao. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Mailin Gan, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Ziang Wei, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Pan Shang, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Lei Song, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Jinkang Feng, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Lei Chen, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Yan Wang, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Shunhua Zhang, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Li Zhu, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China
    Ye Zhao, Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan Province, China

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