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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Microbiol.
Sec. Virology
Volume 15 - 2024 |
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1456415
Characterization of the emerging recombinant infectious bronchitis virus in China
Provisionally accepted
Kaicheng Wang
1*
Suchun Wang
1
Junhui Pan
1
Kaiyutai Zhou
1
Dianfeng Chu
2
Jinji Li
2
Yiping Chen
1
Qian Qi
1
Shimeng Wei
1
Chao Li
1
Jinyu Sui
1
Faxing Wu
1
Jinping Li
1
Guangyu Hou
1
Hualei Liu
1- 1 China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- 2 Qingdao Yibang Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) can cause serious harm to poultry industry. It is belong to Coronaviridae which is highly variable. A kind of emerging recombinant IBV (ahysx-1) has been detected in chicken from China in 2016. To understand the epidemiology and characterization of the emerging recombinant IBV, 35,455 samples of chickens from the 15 provinces in China were collected and detected. One hundred and ninety-six out of the 537 flocks (positive rate, 36.49%), and 908 out of 35,455 samples (positive rate, 2.56%) were positive in the detection.The results showed that the emerging recombinant IBV was pandemic in China.Thirteen emerging recombinant IBV isolates were selected and continuous subcultured to the fourth generation and analyzed by Next-generation sequencing.Compared with the reported sequence of ahysx-1, the genomic analysis showed that multiple position insertions and deletions were in 1a gene, 3b gene, M gene and N gene. The identity of the S gene nucleotide sequence between all the 13 emerging recombinant IBV isolates and reference stain ahysx-1 were 98.1% to 99.1%, while the identity of amino acid sequence were 98.0% to 99.8%. To better understand the recombination mechanism of the emerging recombinant IBV, the genomic sequence of the 13 isolates were compared with turkey coronavirus or guinea fowl coronavirus.The results suggest that all the 13 emerging recombinant IBV isolates were likely to be the recombination of turkey coronavirus or guinea fowl coronavirus with IBV.Turkey coronavirus or guinea fowl coronavirus as minor parents are the donors of S gene. The major parents donors of the genome backone of these recombination events were lineages GⅠ-19 or GⅥ-1 of IBV. One isolate (IBV/chicken/Henan/H1173/2021) was selected for pathogenicity analysis. The results showed that IBV/chicken/Henan/H1173/2021 was avirulent to SPF embryonated eggs, but could cause intestinal symptomsin of chicks. This study provides a foundation for understanding the epidemic situation and characterization of the emerging recombinant IBV. It is of great significance for the prevention and control of avian coronavirus infection.
Keywords: emerging recombinant IBV, Epidemiology, characterization, recombination, pathogenicity
Received: 28 Jun 2024; Accepted: 18 Sep 2024.
Copyright: © 2024 Wang, Wang, Pan, Zhou, Chu, Li, Chen, Qi, Wei, Li, Sui, Wu, Li, Hou and Liu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Kaicheng Wang, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
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